Which immunoglobulin is a monomer found on B cells with no well-defined function?

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Multiple Choice

Which immunoglobulin is a monomer found on B cells with no well-defined function?

Explanation:
Immunoglobulins on B cells act as antigen receptors, and mature naïve B cells display two membrane-bound isotypes: IgM and IgD. IgD appears on the surface as a monomer and, unlike the others, has no well-defined function understood in immunity, though it participates in signaling as part of the B cell receptor. In contrast, the other immunoglobulins have clearer roles: IgG is a versatile serum antibody, IgA is mainly secreted at mucosal surfaces (often as a dimer), and IgM appears as a secreted pentamer that provides early defense. Therefore, the immunoglobulin that is a monomer on B cells with no well-defined function is IgD.

Immunoglobulins on B cells act as antigen receptors, and mature naïve B cells display two membrane-bound isotypes: IgM and IgD. IgD appears on the surface as a monomer and, unlike the others, has no well-defined function understood in immunity, though it participates in signaling as part of the B cell receptor. In contrast, the other immunoglobulins have clearer roles: IgG is a versatile serum antibody, IgA is mainly secreted at mucosal surfaces (often as a dimer), and IgM appears as a secreted pentamer that provides early defense. Therefore, the immunoglobulin that is a monomer on B cells with no well-defined function is IgD.

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